Ukuqonda imisebenzi yobuninzi bokubulala kwiinkqubo zolawulo lwamaqula
Kwishishini leoli negesi,ulawulo kakuhle ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko nokusebenza kakuhle kwemisebenzi yokomba. Ibulala ngeendlela ezininzi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yolawulo lomthombo kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni uxinzelelo kunye nokuthintela ukuvuthuza. Ukuqonda ukuba njaniukubulala okuninzi imisebenzi ibalulekile kuye nabani na obandakanyekayo kwimisebenzi yokomba. Kule bhlog, siza kujonga nzulu ekusebenzeni kunye nokusebenza kobuninzi bokubulala kwinkqubo yokulawula iqula.
I-manifold yokubulala sisixhobo esiphambili esisetyenziselwa ukulawula uxinzelelo lwe-wellbore kwimisebenzi yokulawula kakuhle. Iqhele ukufakwa phakathi kwesithinteli sokuvuthela (BOP) kunye nokuminxeka okuninzi. Umsebenzi ophambili wokubulala okuninzi kukubonelela ngendlela yokutofa ulwelo olunzima, olufana nokugrumba udaka okanye ulwelo olukhethekileyo lokubulala, kumthombo womthombo ukulawula uxinzelelo kwaye ekugqibeleni uphinde ulawule iqula.
Ngexesha lemisebenzi yokugrumba, ukunyuka koxinzelelo olungalindelekanga okanye ukungena kwamanzi okubunjwa kwiqula elinokuthi kwenzeke, okunokuthi, xa kungalawulwa kakuhle, kunokubangela ukuvuthela. Kule meko, ukubulala okuninzi kuyangena. Ngokuphambukisa ukuhamba kolwelo ukusuka kumthombo ukuyaukubulala okuninzi, ulwelo olunzima lunokumpontshelwa equleni ukuze lunciphise uxinzelelo kwaye luphinde lulawule.
Ukubulala okuphindaphindenekayo kubandakanya uthotho lweevalvu, ukukrwitshwa kunye nemibhobho eyenzelwe ukujongana nolwelo olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Eziiivalve zisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye nokwahlula iindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuninzi njengoko kufuneka. Ukukrwitshwa kusetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba noxinzelelo lolwelo olutofwa equleni. Imibhobho yenzelwe ukumelana neemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okukhuselekileyo kolwelo.
Ukusebenza kobuninzi bokubulala kufuna inzame elungelelanisiweyo phakathi kwabasebenzi bokomba kunye neqela lolawulo lwequla. Xa kufunyenwe uxinzelelo, isithinteli sokuvuthela siyavala ukwahlula umthombo kwaye ubuninzi bokubulala buvulwe. Ulwelo olunzima luthi ke lumpontshelwe kwindawo ebulalayo eninzi nakumngxuma womthombo ukuze kuthotywe uxinzelelo. Ukulungelelanisa ivalve yokukrwitshwa kwindawo yokubulala kulawula ukuhamba kunye noxinzelelo lolwelo olutofwayo, kuvumela iqela lolawulo lwequla ukuba ngokuthe ngcembe lifumane ulawulo lwequla.
Ukongeza ekulawuleni ukukhaba koxinzelelo, ii-manifolds zokubulala zisetyenziselwa imisebenzi yolawulo lwequla efana nokuvala-ngaphakathi kunye nokubulala amaqula. Kwimeko apho kuqhushumba, ukubulala okuninzi kudlala indima ephambili ekubuyiseleni ulawulo lwequla kunye nokuthintela ukwanda okungaphaya.
Isishwankathelo, ubuninzi bokubulala yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokulawula iqula, ibonelela ngeendlela zokutofa ulwelo olunzima kwiqula lokulawula uxinzelelo nokuthintela ukuvuthuza. Ukuqonda ukuba njanibulala ezininziumsebenzi kunye nendima yabo kwimisebenzi yokulawula kakuhle ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kunye nempumelelo yemisebenzi yokomba kwishishini leoli negesi.