Iyini Imisebenzi Ye-Casing Head Assembly ku-Wellhead Equipment
Ekusebenzeni kweimishini ye-wellhead,imihlangano yekhanda lebhokisi dlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukumuncwa okuphumelelayo nokuphephile kukawoyela negesi yemvelo emachibini. Ukuqonda ukuthi ama-casing head assemblies asebenza kanjani kubalulekile kunoma ngubani osembonini kawoyela negesi. Kule bhulogi, sizobhekisisa umsebenzi wokuhlanganiswa kwekhanda lebhokisi kanye nokubaluleka kwawo kumishini ye-wellhead.
Umhlangano wekhanda lebhokisi iyingxenye ebalulekile yezinto zokusebenza ze-wellhead futhi isebenza njengesixhumi esibonakalayo phakathi kwesikhwama esingaphezulu nesitaki sokuvimbela i-blowout (BOP). Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuhlinzeka ngokusekela isisindo sentambo ye-casing kanye nokuvala isikhala se-annular phakathiisikhwamafuthiumthombo . Lokhu kubalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho bomthombo nokuvimbela noma yikuphi ukuvuza okungase kube khona noma ukuphephuka.
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zomhlangano wekhanda le-casing yikhanda le-casing, okuyingxenye enkulu ye-cylindrical efakwe phezuluikhanda elihle . Ikhanda lebhokisi lihlinzeka ngezindlela zokumisa intambo ye-casing futhi lisebenza njengendawo yokuhlalai-casing hangerfuthiumhlangano wophawu . I-hanger ye-casing iyingxenye ebalulekile yomhlangano ngoba isekela isisindo sentambo ye-casing futhi inikeza uphawu phakathi kwe-casing ne-wellhead.
I-casing head assembly iphinde ihlanganise uchungechunge lwama-casing spools afaka i-casing hanger futhi anikeze indlela yokuxhuma ikhanda le-casing kusitaki sokuvimbela i-bloutout. Lawa ma-spools aklanyelwe ukumelana nezingcindezi eziphezulu futhi anikeze ukuxhumana okuvikelekile phakathi kwekhanda lebhokisi nesitaki se-BOP, okuqinisekisa ubuqotho bempahla ye-wellhead.
Ngaphezu kokunikeza ukusekelwa kwentambo ye-casing, umhlangano wekhanda le-casing udlala indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokufaka usimende. Ngemva kokuba intambo ye-casing yehliselwe emthonjeni, usimende uphonswa ku-casing bese uzungeza phezulu esikhaleni se-annular phakathi kwe-casing kanye nomthombo. I-casing head assembly inikeza indlela yokuphambukisa ukugeleza kukasimende nokuqinisekisa ukuthi isakazwa kahle eduze kwe-casing, okwenza isibopho esiqinile phakathi kwe-casing kanye nomthombo.
Ukwengeza, imihlangano yamakhanda ekhanda aklanyelwe ukuhlalisa amathuluzi ahlukahlukene we-wellhead kanye nemishini, njengama-casing hangers, ama-tubing hangers, nezinye izakhi ezidingekayo ekusebenzeni nokugcinwa komthombo. Lokhu kuguquguquka kwenza ukufakwa okusebenzayo nokusebenza kahle kwemishini ye-wellhead, okwenza umhlangano wekhanda le-casing ube yingxenye ebalulekile kuyo yonke inqubo yokuqedela.
Kafushane, i-casing head assembly iyingxenye ebalulekile yemishini ye-wellhead esekela intambo ye-casing, inikeza ukuvala phakathi kwe-casing kanye ne-wellhead, futhi iqondise inqubo yokuhlanganisa. Iqhaza layo ekugcineni ubuqotho bemithombo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle komthombo angeke wenziwe ngokweqile. Ukuqonda umsebenzi we-casing head assembly kubalulekile kunoma yimuphi umdlali embonini kawoyela negesi njengoba kuyisici esibalulekile ekukhipheni uwoyela negesi endaweni yokugcina amanzi.