Yintoni imisebenzi ye-Casing Head Assembly kwi-Wellhead Equipment
Ekusebenzeni kweizixhobo wellhead,iindibano zeentloko zeebhokisi badlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukutsalwa ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo kwe-oyile negesi yendalo kumadama. Ukuqonda ukuba zisebenza njani iindibano zentloko yecasing kubalulekile kuye nabani na kwishishini leoli kunye negesi. Kule bhlog, siza kujonga ngakumbi umsebenzi we-casing head assembly kunye nokubaluleka kwayo kwizixhobo ze-wellhead.
Indibano yentloko yengxowa yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesixhobo somthombo kwaye sisebenza njengojongano phakathi kwecasing yomhlaba kunye nesitaki sokuthintela ukuvuthela (BOP). Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukubonelela ngenkxaso yobunzima bomtya we-casing kunye nokutywina isithuba se-annular phakathiingxowakwayeumthombo . Oku kubalulekile ekugcineni imfezeko yequla kunye nokuthintela nakuphi na ukuvuza okunokwenzeka okanye ukuvuthela.
Enye yezinto eziphambili zendibano yentloko yecasing yintloko yecasing, eyona nxalenye inkulu yecylindrical efakwe phezuluintloko kakuhle . Intloko yecasing ibonelela ngeendlela zokuxhoma umtya wecasing kwaye ikwasebenza njengendlu yei-casing hangerkwayeindibano yokutywina . I-hanger ye-casing yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yendibano kuba isekela ubunzima bomtya we-casing kwaye ibonelela ngesitywina phakathi kwe-casing kunye ne-wellhead.
I-casing head assembly iphinda ibandakanye uluhlu lwee-casing spools ezithatha i-hanger ye-casing kunye nokubonelela ngeendlela zokudibanisa intloko ye-casing kwi-stack yokuthintela ukuqhuma. Ezi spools zenzelwe ukujamelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kwaye zinikeze uxhulumaniso olukhuselekileyo phakathi kwentloko ye-casing kunye ne-BOP stack, ukuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kwezixhobo ze-wellhead.
Ukongezelela ekuboneleleni ngenkxaso yentambo ye-casing, i-casing head assembly nayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo ye-cementing. Emva kokuba umtya we-casing wehlisiwe kwiqula, i-samente iphonswa kwi-casing kwaye ijikeleze phezulu kwisithuba sonyaka phakathi kwe-casing kunye nequla. Indibano yentloko ye-casing inika indlela yokuguqula ukuhamba kwe-samente kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba isasazwe ngokufanelekileyo malunga ne-casing, idala ibhondi eqinile phakathi kwe-casing kunye ne-wellbore.
Ukongeza, iindibano zentloko ye-casing ziyilelwe ukuhlalisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zentloko kunye nezixhobo, ezifana ne-casing hangers, i-tubing hangers, kunye nezinye izinto eziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kakuhle kunye nokugcinwa. Oku kuguquguqukayo kwenza ukufakwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo ze-wellhead, okwenza i-casing head assembly ibe yinto ebalulekileyo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokugqiba.
Isishwankathelo, i-casing head assembly yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezixhobo ze-wellhead ezixhasa umtya we-casing, unikezela ukutywinwa phakathi kwe-casing kunye ne-wellhead, kwaye iququzelele inkqubo ye-cementing. Indima yayo ekugcineni imfezeko yomthombo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle komthombo ayinakubaxwa. Ukuqonda umsebenzi wendibano yentloko ye-casing kubalulekile kunoma yimuphi umdlali kwishishini leoli kunye negesi njengoko liyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ekukhupheni ioli kunye negesi kwi-reservoir.