Ukuqonda indima yemithombo yamanzi kunye nemithi kwimveliso yeoli kunye negesi
Kwimveliso yeoli negesi,amaqulakwayeImithi yeKrisimesi dlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba oovimba bakhutshwa kumphezulu ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelo. Ngokudibeneyo, la macandelo mabini alawula ukuhamba kweoli kunye negesi ukusuka equleni ukuya phezulu, okwenza kube yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kuwo nawuphi na umsebenzi wokuvelisa.
Intloko yomthombo yeyona nto iphambili phakathi kwedama elingaphantsi komhlaba kunyeizixhobo ezingaphezulu.Ifakwe phezu kwei-casing kakuhle kwaye ibonelela ngesitywina esinganyangekiyo kuxinzelelo lokuqulatha ulwelo ngaphakathi kwequla. I-wellhead nayo ixhotyiswe ngeevalve ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo zokulawula nokubeka iliso kumthombo ngexesha lemveliso kunye nemisebenzi yokulondoloza.
Omnye wemisebenzi ephambili ye-wellhead kukuxhasa ubunzima bei-casing kunye ne-tubing umtya kunye naso nasiphi na esinye isixhobo somngxuma. Oku kunceda ukugcina ingqibelelo yequla kwaye kuthintele nakuphi na ukuvuza okunokwenzeka okanye ukuvuthela. Ukongezelela, i-wellhead ibonelela ngeendlela zokufakela nokubuyisela umthi weKrisimesi, obaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni ukuhamba kwamanzi equleni.
Umthi weKrisimesi, obizwa ngokuba ngumthi wokuvelisa, yindibano eyinkimbinkimbi yeevalve, izixhobo kunye nokuxutywa okufakwe phezulu kwentloko yomthombo. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukulawula ukuhamba kwe-oyile kunye negesi yendalo ukusuka kumaqula ukuya kwiindawo ezingaphezulu. Imithi yeKrisimesi ikwabonelela ngofikelelo kungenelelo lomthombo, olufana nokusebenza kweentambo zocingo kunye nokuqhekeka kwehydraulic, kwaye isebenza njengendawo yoqhagamshelo kwimveliso kunye neentambo zokutofa.
Umthi weKrisimesi udla ngokuba namacandelo amaninzi, kubandakanywa iivalve eziphambili, iivalve zamaphiko, iivalve ze-throttle kunye neegeji ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo. Ivalve engundoqo isetyenziselwa ukwahlula iqula kwizixhobo ezingaphezulu kwaye ibonelele ngendlela yokuvala iqula kwimeko kaxakeka. Iivalve zamaphiko, kwelinye icala, zisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba kolwelo oluphuma equleni ukuze amaxabiso okuvelisa alungelelaniswe njengoko kufuneka.
Iivalve ze-Throttle ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomthi weKrisimesi kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi ngokudala izithintelo kumgca wokuvelisa. Oku kunceda ukulawula uxinzelelo kunye nokuhamba kakuhle, ukuqinisekisa imveliso ephuculweyo ngelixa ugcina iimeko zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo. Iigeji zoxinzelelo zijonga uxinzelelo lwentloko ngexesha langempela, zivumela abaqhubi ukuba benze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nemveliso kunye nokhuseleko.
Isishwankathelo, i-wellheads kunye nemithi yeKrisimesi isebenza kunye ukukhuthaza ukuveliswa okukhuselekileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweoli kunye negesi. Iqula libonelela ngonxibelelwano olukhuselekileyo phakathi kwamadama angaphantsi komhlaba kunye nezixhobo ezingaphezulu, ngelixa umthi weKrismesi ulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi ukusuka equleni ukuya kwindawo yokuvelisa. Ukuqonda imisebenzi yala macandelo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni impumelelo yayo nayiphi na imveliso ye-oyile kunye negesi.